Table of Contents [+/-]
MySQL NDB Cluster is a
high-availability, high-redundancy version of MySQL adapted for the
distributed computing environment. Recent NDB Cluster release series
use version 8 of the NDB
storage engine
(also known as NDBCLUSTER
) to enable
running several computers with MySQL servers and other software in a
cluster. NDB Cluster 8.0, now available as a Developer Milestone
Release (DMR) beginning with version 8.0.13, incorporates version
8.0 of the NDB
storage engine. NDB Cluster 7.6,
is the current GA release, and uses version 7.6 of
NDB
. Previous GA releases still available for use
in production, NDB Cluster 7.5 and NDB Cluster 7.4, incorporate
NDB
versions 7.5 and 7.4, respectively. NDB
Cluster 7.2, which uses version 7.2 of the NDB
storage engine, is a previous GA release that is currently still
maintained; 7.2 users are encouraged to upgrade to NDB 7.5 or NDB
7.6. NDB 7.1 and previous release series are no longer
supported or maintained.
Support for the NDB
storage engine is
not included in standard MySQL Server 8.0 binaries built by Oracle.
Instead, users of NDB Cluster binaries from Oracle should upgrade to
the most recent binary release of NDB Cluster for supported
platforms—these include RPMs that should work with most Linux
distributions. NDB Cluster 8.0 users who build from source should
use the sources provided for MySQL 8.0 and build with the options
required to provide NDB support. (Locations where the sources can be
obtained are listed later in this section.)
MySQL NDB Cluster does not support InnoDB cluster, which must be
deployed using MySQL Server 8.0 with the
InnoDB
storage engine as well as
additional applications that are not included in the NDB Cluster
distribution. MySQL Server 8.0 binaries cannot be used with MySQL
NDB Cluster. For more information about deploying and using
InnoDB cluster, see
Chapter 21, InnoDB Cluster.
Section 22.1.6, “MySQL Server Using InnoDB Compared with NDB Cluster”, discusses differences
between the NDB
and InnoDB
storage engines.
This chapter contains information about NDB Cluster 8.0 releases through 8.0.18-ndb-8.0.18, currently available as a Developer Preview. NDB Cluster 7.6 is the latest General Availability release, and is recommended for new deployments; for information about NDB Cluster 7.6, see What is New in NDB Cluster 7.6. For similar information about NDB Cluster 7.5, see What is New in NDB Cluster 7.5. NDB Cluster 7.4 and 7.3 are previous GA releases still supported in production; see MySQL NDB Cluster 7.3 and NDB Cluster 7.4. NDB Cluster 7.2 is a previous GA release series which is still maintained, although we recommend that new deployments for production use NDB Cluster 7.6. For more information about NDB Cluster 7.2, see MySQL NDB Cluster 7.2.
Supported Platforms. NDB Cluster is currently available and supported on a number of platforms. For exact levels of support available for on specific combinations of operating system versions, operating system distributions, and hardware platforms, please refer to https://www.mysql.com/support/supportedplatforms/cluster.html.
Availability. NDB Cluster binary and source packages are available for supported platforms from https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/cluster/.
NDB Cluster release numbers.
NDB 8.0 follows the same release pattern as the MySQL Server 8.0
series of releases, beginning with MySQL 8.0.13 and MySQL NDB
Cluster 8.0.13. In this Manual and other
MySQL documentation, we identify these and later NDB Cluster
releases employing a version number that begins with
“NDB”. This version number is that of the
NDBCLUSTER
storage engine used in the
NDB 8.0 release, and is the same as the MySQL 8.0 server version
on which the NDB Cluster 8.0 release is based.
Version strings used in NDB Cluster software. The version string displayed by the mysql client supplied with the MySQL NDB Cluster distribution uses this format:
mysql-mysql_server_version-cluster
mysql_server_version
represents the
version of the MySQL Server on which the NDB Cluster release is
based. For all NDB Cluster 8.0 releases, this is
8.0.
, where
n
n
is the release number. Building from
source using -DWITH_NDBCLUSTER
or the
equivalent adds the -cluster
suffix to the
version string. (See
Section 22.2.2.4, “Building NDB Cluster from Source on Linux”, and
Section 22.2.3.2, “Compiling and Installing NDB Cluster from Source on Windows”.) You can see
this format used in the mysql client, as shown
here:
shell> mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 8.0.18-cluster Source distribution
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> SELECT VERSION()\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
VERSION(): 8.0.18-cluster
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
The first release of NDB Cluster using MySQL 8.0 was NDB 8.0.13, which used MySQL 8.0.13.
The version string displayed by other NDB Cluster programs not normally included with the MySQL 8.0 distribution uses this format:
mysql-mysql_server_version ndb-ndb_engine_version
mysql_server_version
represents the
version of the MySQL Server on which the NDB Cluster release is
based. For all NDB Cluster 8.0 releases, this is
8.0.
, where
n
n
is the release number.
ndb_engine_version
is the version of the
NDB
storage engine used by this release
of the NDB Cluster software. For all NDB 8.0 releases, this number
is the same as the MySQL Server version. You can see this format
used in the output of the SHOW
command in the
ndb_mgm client, like this:
ndb_mgm> SHOW
Connected to Management Server at: localhost:1186
Cluster Configuration
---------------------
[ndbd(NDB)] 2 node(s)
id=1 @10.0.10.6 (mysql-8.0.18 ndb-8.0.18-ndb-8.0.18, Nodegroup: 0, *)
id=2 @10.0.10.8 (mysql-8.0.18 ndb-8.0.18-ndb-8.0.18, Nodegroup: 0)
[ndb_mgmd(MGM)] 1 node(s)
id=3 @10.0.10.2 (mysql-8.0.18 ndb-8.0.18-ndb-8.0.18)
[mysqld(API)] 2 node(s)
id=4 @10.0.10.10 (mysql-8.0.18 ndb-8.0.18-ndb-8.0.18)
id=5 (not connected, accepting connect from any host)
Compatibility with standard MySQL 8.0 releases.
While many standard MySQL schemas and applications can work using
NDB Cluster, it is also true that unmodified applications and
database schemas may be slightly incompatible or have suboptimal
performance when run using NDB Cluster (see
Section 22.1.7, “Known Limitations of NDB Cluster”). Most of these issues
can be overcome, but this also means that you are very unlikely to
be able to switch an existing application datastore—that
currently uses, for example, MyISAM
or InnoDB
—to use the
NDB
storage engine without allowing
for the possibility of changes in schemas, queries, and
applications. A mysqld compiled without
NDB
support (that is, built without
-DWITH_NDBCLUSTER_STORAGE_ENGINE
or
its alias -DWITH_NDBCLUSTER
) cannot function as a
drop-in replacement for a mysqld that is built
with it.
NDB Cluster development source trees. NDB Cluster development trees can also be accessed from https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server.
The NDB Cluster development sources maintained at https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server are licensed under the GPL. For information about obtaining MySQL sources using Git and building them yourself, see Section 2.9.3, “Installing MySQL Using a Development Source Tree”.
As with MySQL Server 8.0, NDB Cluster 8.0 releases are built using CMake.
NDB Cluster 7.5 and NDB Cluster 7.6 are available as General Availability (GA) releases; NDB 7.6 is recommended for new deployments. NDB Cluster 7.4 and NDB Cluster 7.3 are previous GA releases which are still supported in production. NDB 7.2 is a previous GA release series which is still maintained; it is no longer recommended for new deployments. For an overview of major features added in NDB 7.6, see What is New in NDB Cluster 7.6. For similar information about NDB Cluster 7.5, see What is New in NDB Cluster 7.5. For information about previous NDB Cluster releases, see MySQL NDB Cluster 7.3 and NDB Cluster 7.4, and MySQL NDB Cluster 7.2.
The contents of this chapter are subject to revision as NDB Cluster continues to evolve. Additional information regarding NDB Cluster can be found on the MySQL website at http://www.mysql.com/products/cluster/.
Additional Resources. More information about NDB Cluster can be found in the following places:
For answers to some commonly asked questions about NDB Cluster, see Section A.10, “MySQL 8.0 FAQ: NDB Cluster”.
The NDB Cluster Forum: https://forums.mysql.com/list.php?25.
Many NDB Cluster users and developers blog about their experiences with NDB Cluster, and make feeds of these available through PlanetMySQL.