The binary character set is the chararcter set of binary strings, which are sequences of bytes. The binary character set has one collation, also named binary. Comparison and sorting are based on numeric byte values. The effect is that lettercase and accent differences are significant in comparisons. That is, the binary collation is case-sensitive and accent sensitive.

mysql> SET NAMES 'binary';
mysql> SELECT CHARSET('abc'), COLLATION('abc');
+----------------+------------------+
| CHARSET('abc') | COLLATION('abc') |
+----------------+------------------+
| binary         | binary           |
+----------------+------------------+
mysql> SELECT 'abc' = 'ABC', 'a' = 'ä';
+---------------+------------+
| 'abc' = 'ABC' | 'a' = 'ä'  |
+---------------+------------+
|             0 |          0 |
+---------------+------------+

For information about the differences between the binary collation of the binary character set and the _bin collations of nonbinary character sets, see Section 10.8.5, “The binary Collation Compared to _bin Collations”.

To convert a string expression to a binary string, any of these constructs are equivalent:

BINARY expr
CAST(expr AS BINARY)
CONVERT(expr USING BINARY)

If expr is a character string literal, the _binary introducer may be used to designate it as a binary string. For example:

_binary 'a'

The _binary introducer is permitted for hexadecimal literals and bit-value literals as well, but unnecessary; such literals are binary strings by default.

For more information about introducers, see Section 10.3.8, “Character Set Introducers”.